Design and Verify the operation BCD ripple counter using JK flip-flops

BCD Counter - ​ Digital counters count upwards from zero to some pre-determined count value on the application of a clock signal. Once the count value is reached, resetting them returns the counter back to zero to start again.

A counter which resets after ten counts with a divide-by-10 count sequence from binary 0000 (decimal “0”) through to 1001 (decimal “9”) is called a “binary-coded-decimal counter” or BCD Counter for short and a MOD-10 counter can be constructed using a minimum of four toggle flip-flops. BCD Counter is a devices that goes through a sequence of ten states when it is clocked and returns to 0 after the count of 9.BCD Counter is a devices that goes through a sequence of ten states when it is clocked and returns to 0 after the count of 9.

A BCD counter counts in a sequence of ten and then returns back to zero after the count of nine. Obviously to count up to a binary value of nine, the counter must have at least four flip-flops within its chain to represent each decimal digit. It is called a BCDcounter because its ten state sequence is that of a BCD code and does not have a regular pattern, unlike a straight binary counter.

BCD Counter State Diagram

A decade counter has four flip-flops and 16 potential states, of which only 10 are used and if we connected a series of counters together we could count to 100 or 1,000 or to whatever final count number we choose.

BCD counters follow a sequence of ten states and count using BCD numbers from 0000 to 1001 and then returns to 0000 and repeats. Such a counter must have at least four flip-flops to represent each decimal digit, since a decimal digit is represented by a binary code with at least four bits giving a MOD-10 count.